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Although Shiite in the Levant as an influential school has faced hardships by its opponents, it has maintained their identity since the early centuries of Islam. Since the Shia in the Levant as a part of the Shiite historical heritage has witnessed important events in history, knowing how to preserve the Shi‘ite identity in the land, where its hostility to the Shia has always been famous, is unattainable without an approach to social history. This paper seeks to examine the factors and components affecting the social history of Shiites in the Levant. In order to achieve this purpose, the factors and components affecting the social history of the Shiites in Syria up to the seventh century were investigated through a descriptive-analytical approach and through the study of historical and ancient sources. The findings show that the governance of Shiite rulers in some periods of history, the presence of Shiite families, the migration of some Shiite elders and scholars, and their residence in the Levant were effective factors. Furthermore, Shiite rituals and ceremonies, their attention to holy places, the type of endowments and vows, and the existence of Shiite symbols were the effective components in maintaining the Shiite identity in the Levant.