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It explored a method of classified extraction, which is a physical-chemical combination, for preparing bamboo technical fiber. It can improve the utilization of bamboo fiber. Fiber morphology, fiber fineness, tensile characteristics, etc. of bamboo fiber were investigated. The external bamboo fiber contained higher amount of lignin and solvent extractive and lower amount of hemicellulose and noncellulose than the internal bamboo fiber. The degree of crystallinity, fineness, and tensile property of external bamboo fiber was also higher than internal bamboo fiber. Then it analyzed the relationship between fiber structure and properties.