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The primary purpose of this study is to investigate how the Belt & Road Initiative (BRI) affects the relationship between macroeconomic and social factors (i.e., foreign direct investment (FDI), lending rate, inflation, personal remittances, and secondary school education) and gross domestic product (GDP). We have collected the data from the World Bank from 1990 to 2019 (n=870, countries=23). The study has used statistical techniques such as regression analysis and hierarchical regression. The study found that macroeconomic and social factors (i.e., foreign direct investment (FDI), lending rates, inflation rates, personal remittance, and Secondary School Education) affect GDP. We also found that BRI moderates the association between macroeconomic and social factors with GDP. We have collected the data from the countries that have become the BRI partners by 2016. Future studies may consider using the data that have joined BRI after 2016.