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Abstract Background LncRNA LINC00311 participates in osteoporosis, which shows inverse pathological changes to ankylosing spondylitis (AS), indicating that LINC00311 is also involved in AS. Methods All the participants were enrolled in Ganzhou People’s Hospital between January 2016 and January 2018 after this study was approved by Ganzhou People’s Hospital Ethics Committee. Disease activity determination, follow-up and RT-qPCR were carried out during the research. Results In the present study we found that LINC00311 was upregulated in AS patients comparing to healthy controls, and upregulation of LINC00311 distinguished AS patients from healthy controls. LINC00311 expression levels were positively correlated with disease activity. Comparing to pre-treatment levels, LINC00311 expression level decreased significantly after treatment. During 2-year follow-up, patients with high levels of LINC00311 showed a significantly higher rate of rehospitalization. Conclusions Therefore, LINC00311 is overexpressed in AS and predict treatment outcomes and recurrence.