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Amplitude-integrated electroencephalography (aEEG) is a simple bedside tool for continuous cerebral function monitoring (CFM) in neonates. It helps in prognostication of long-term neurodevelopmental outcome in neonates with hypoxic-ischaemic encephalopathy (HIE). It also helps in the selection of neonates for therapeutic hypothermia. Clinical use and assessment for preterm neonates is different. In comparison to standard EEG, aEEG is not an accurate tool for detecting seizures. Its role is being explored in several other disorders such as sepsis/meningitis, hypoglycaemic encephalopathy, bilirubin-induced brain damage, post-cardiac surgery CFM, etc.