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The complete chloroplast genome of an endangered endemic species in China Tilia taishanensis was sequenced with Illumina HiSeq 2000 platform. It was a typical quadruple structure as other plants of Tilia with 162,803 bp in length, including a large single copy (LSC: 91,114 bp) region and a small single copy (SSC: 20,379 bp) which were separated by a pair of inverted repeats (IRa, b: 25,655 bp) region. The overall GC content is 36.5%. A total of 129 genes was annotated which contained 84 protein-coding genes, 37 tRNA genes, and 8 rRNA genes. ML Phylogenetic analysis compared with 33 expressed chloroplast genomes revealed that T. taishanensis was a sister to other Tilia species.