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<div><p class="abstract"><strong>BACKGROUND:</strong> Statins are shown effective by some studies in preventing contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN). We evaluated the effectiveness of atorvastatin in the prevention of CIN in computed tomography angiography (CTA) candidates.</p> <p class="abstract"><strong>METHODS:</strong> This study was conducted on patients referring for elective CTA with normal renal function. Patients received atorvastatin (80 mg/day) or placebo from 24 h before to 48 h after administration of the contrast material. Serum creatinine was measured before and 48 h after contrast material injection. CIN was defined as an increase in serum creatinine level of &ge; 0.5 mg/dl or &ge; 25% of the baseline creatinine.</p> <p class="abstract"><strong>RESULTS:</strong><strong> </strong>A total of 236 patients completed the study; 115 atorvastatin, 121 placebo, mean <br /> age = 58.40 &plusmn; 9.80 year, 68.6% male. Serum creatinine increased after contrast material injection in both the atorvastatin (1.00 &plusmn; 0.16-1.02 &plusmn; 0.15 mg/dl, P = 0.017) and placebo groups (1.03 &plusmn; 0.17-1.08 &plusmn; 0.18 mg/dl, P &lt; 0.001). Controlling for age, gender, comorbidities, drug history, and baseline serum creatinine level, patients who received atorvastatin experienced less increase in serum creatinine after contrast material injection (beta = 0.127, P = 0.034). However, there was no difference between the atorvastatin and placebo groups in the incidence of CIN (4.3 vs. 5.0%, P = 0.535).</p> <p class="abstract"><strong>CONCLUSION:</strong> In patients undergoing CTA, a short-term treatment with high dose atorvastatin is effective in preventing contrast-induced renal dysfunction, in terms of less increase in serum creatinine level after contrast material injection. Further trials including larger sample of patients and longer follow-ups are warranted.</p> <p class="abstract">&nbsp;</p></div> <strong>Keywords:</strong> Kidney Diseases, Multidetector Computed Tomography, Contrast Media, Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors, Atorvastatin<p>&nbsp;</p>