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The genus <i>Opopanax</i> W. Koch (Apiaceae) is represented by four species in Turkey. The composition of the essential oil of <i>Opopanax</i> genus members (Apiaceae) growing in Turkey was investigated in this study. GC-MS was used to analyze the composition of <i>Opopanax</i> essential oil samples that were taken from their natural environments. The Clevenger apparatus was used to hydrodistill the plant’s aerial parts, and the yields were determined to be between 0.2% <i>v</i>/<i>w</i> (for <i>O. siifolius</i>) and 0.4% (for <i>O. hispidus, O. chironium</i>, and <i>O. persicus)</i>. The results and the chemical data provided some information and clues on the chemotaxonomy of the genus <i>Opopanax</i>. In this study, γ-elemene, butanoic acid octyl ester, and cylopropane were the main compounds identified in the essential oils of <i>O. chironium</i>, <i>O. hispidus</i>, and <i>O. persicus</i>. In particular, hexynyl n-valerate was most abundant in the essential oil of <i>O. chironium</i>, cyclopropane in that of <i>O. hispidus</i>, <i>γ</i>-elemene in that of <i>O. persicus</i>, and n-hexadecanoic acid/palmitic acid in that of <i>O. siifolius</i>. In a chemotaxonomic approach, the essential oil analysis of the <i>Opopanax</i> species revealed that these species conformed in a cluster analysis with their morphological classification. The constituents of the essential oils of all examined in the genus <i>Opopanax</i> were determined in this study, which is the most thorough one to date. This study provides new information about the composition of the essential oils of the investigated species.