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KRAB-Induced Heterochromatin Effectively Silences <i>PLOD2</i> Gene Expression in Somatic Cells and Is Resilient to TGFβ1 Activation
oleh: Rutger A. F. Gjaltema, Désirée Goubert, Christian Huisman, Consuelo del Pilar García Tobilla, Mihály Koncz, Pytrick G. Jellema, Dandan Wu, Uilke Brouwer, Antal Kiss, Pernette J. Verschure, Ruud A. Bank, Marianne G. Rots
Format: | Article |
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Diterbitkan: | MDPI AG 2020-05-01 |
Deskripsi
Epigenetic editing, an emerging technique used for the modulation of gene expression in mammalian cells, is a promising strategy to correct disease-related gene expression. Although epigenetic reprogramming results in sustained transcriptional modulation in several in vivo models, further studies are needed to develop this approach into a straightforward technology for effective and specific interventions. Important goals of current research efforts are understanding the context-dependency of successful epigenetic editing and finding the most effective epigenetic effector(s) for specific tasks. Here we tested whether the fibrosis- and cancer-associated <i>PLOD2</i> gene can be repressed by the DNA methyltransferase M.SssI, or by the non-catalytic Krüppel associated box (KRAB) repressor directed to the <i>PLOD2</i> promoter via zinc finger- or CRISPR-dCas9-mediated targeting. M.SssI fusions induced de novo DNA methylation, changed histone modifications in a context-dependent manner, and led to 50%–70% reduction in <i>PLOD2</i> expression in fibrotic fibroblasts and in MDA-MB-231 cancer cells. Targeting KRAB to <i>PLOD2</i> resulted in the deposition of repressive histone modifications without DNA methylation and in almost complete <i>PLOD2</i> silencing. Interestingly, both long-term TGFβ1-induced, as well as unstimulated <i>PLOD2</i> expression, was completely repressed by KRAB, while M.SssI only prevented the TGFβ1-induced <i>PLOD2</i> expression. Targeting transiently expressed dCas9-KRAB resulted in sustained <i>PLOD2</i> repression in HEK293T and MCF-7 cells. Together, these findings point to KRAB outperforming DNA methylation as a small potent targeting epigenetic effector for silencing TGFβ1-induced and uninduced <i>PLOD2</i> expression.