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Abstract The commercialization of Li−S batteries is seriously hindered by polysulfides with severe shuttle effect, and the inherent insulating properties and slow reaction kinetics of insoluble Li2S products. Transition metal sulfides (TMSs) have a high adsorption capacity for polysulfides and have been shown to have a strong catalytic effect on polysulfide conversion reactions. This paper reviews the research on the application of Unary TMSs, heterostructures, etc. in Li−S batteries, and gives some research methods for TMD catalysts in Li−S batteries. Finally, it points out the main focuses and direction of future Li−S battery research and development. It aims to provide some insights into the design and manufacture of advanced Li−S batteries for commercial use.