Find in Library

In order to investigate the chronic effects of basic amino acids (BAA) on β-cell metabolism and insulin secretion, INS-1 β-cells were randomly assigned to cultures in standard medium (Con), standard medium plus 10 mM L-Arginine (Arg), standard medium plus 10 mM L-Histidine (His) or standard medium plus 10 mM L-Lysine (Lys) for 24 h. Results showed that insulin secretion was decreased by the Arg treatment but was increased by the His treatment relative to the Con group (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Higher BAA concentrations reduced the high glucose-stimulated insulin secretions (<i>p</i> < 0.001), but only Lys treatment increased the intracellular insulin content than that in the Con group (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Compared with Arg and Lys, the His treatment increased the mitochondrial key enzyme gene expressions including <i>Cs</i>, <i>mt-Atp6</i>, <i>mt-Nd4l</i> and <i>Ogdh</i>, and caused a greater change in the metabolites profiling (<i>p</i> < 0.05). The most significant pathways affected by Arg, His and Lys were arginine and proline metabolism, aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis and pyrimidine metabolism, respectively. Regression analysis screened 7 genes and 9 metabolites associated with insulin releases during BAA stimulations (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Together, different BAAs exerted dissimilar effects on β-cell metabolism and insulin outputs.