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The epidemiology of corresponding tick-borne diseases has changed as a result of the recent introduction of <i>Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus</i> to West Africa. The current study aimed to assess the diagnostic performance of an indirect ELISA for the detection of <i>Babesia bovis</i> infection in cattle. In a cross-section study, using a Bayesian Latent Class Model and iELISA diagnostic test for cattle babesiosis due to <i>Babesia bovis</i>, accuracy has been assessed with RT-PCR as an imperfect reference test. A total of 766 cattle were tested. The optimal diagnostic performances were obtained with 5% percentage of positivity. Sensitivity and specificity were, respectively, 0.94 [Cr. I.: 0.85–0.99] and 0.89 [Cr. I.: 0.87–0.92]. Additional diagnostic characteristics revealed that the Positive Predictive Value (PPV) and Negative Predictive Value (NPV) were 96.6% [Cr. I.: 92.7–100%] and 82.2% [Cr. I.: 72–93%]. Overall, this test well discriminates an infected status from an uninfected status considering the area under the ROC curve (AUC) which was 0.78 [Cr. I: 0.72–0.85] and a Diagnostic Odds Ratio (DOR) of 127.8 [Cr. I.: 10.43–1562.27]. The AUC was significantly higher than 0.5 (<i>p</i> < 10⁻⁵). In consequence, this serologic assay could be suitable in moderate to high prevalence assessments.