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Ornamental coloration in birds has been identified as a powerful, noninvasive tool for identifying exposure to metal pollution. Despite this potential, few studies have examined the effects of metals on iridescent coloration or assessed related impacts on bird fitness. Iridescent coloration is likely to be sensitive to metal pollution because it is already known to affect melanin production and this form of coloration is produced when light is refracted through layers of keratin and melanin inside feather barbules. In this study, we measured variation in plumage coloration, health (via oxidative stress), and reproductive success (via number of young fledged) of Tree Swallows (Tachycineta bicolor) nesting adjacent to water bodies containing different levels of metal pollution. Plumage hue shifted from bluer to greener and feather brightness was greater, where concentrations of copper and zinc were higher. Both patterns would be expected from changes in the microstructure of the feathers. Unexpectedly, increasing exposure to these metals correlated with increased apparent health (lower oxidative stress) in female swallows, but not males. Number of young fledged decreased slightly with exposure to metals but did not vary with the color of parents. Our results suggest the relationships between ornamental color, including iridescence, and fitness metrics are complex and much more work will be needed before color of iridescent feathers can provide a proactive, noninvasive, and effective diagnostic tool for detecting subtle effects of pollution on birds.