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This article aims to comprehend the metamorphic consequences of incest in Timbira thinking, and, by exploring this theme, to deepen our understanding of the native concept of kinship. This aim in mind, the connections between certain aspects (terminological, behavioural, matrimonial) of the kinship system are examined, as well as the ontological premises of the Amerindian world, focusing in particular on the status of relations of substance (a classical topic in Gê ethnology) in light of what could be described as an indigenous theory of the Relation. The analysis is guided by three main hypotheses: that the fields of kinship and humanity are ideally co-extensive; that this coincidence must be achieved through a deliberate effort of bodily similarization, which involves the construction of kinship as a process of constructing human persons; and that the process has as its condition the given character of affinity as the schema of Difference and Relation in the indigenous world.