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In this article, we survey the recent developments of sensing methods in three-dimensional robot vision, centering on the current three-dimensional sensors and core techniques embedded in robotic systems. Over 8000 publications have reported rather wide application areas of three-dimensional robot vision in the last 40 years, such as human–robot interaction, object recognition, three-dimensional modeling, object tracking, searching and surveillance, as well as robot manipulation, localization, navigation, mapping, and path planning. Representative works and future research trends are also addressed in this article.