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Halophilic sulfur-oxidizing bacteria belonging to the genus <i>Guyparkeria</i> occur at both marine and terrestrial habitats. Common physiological characteristics displayed by <i>Guyparkeria</i> isolates have not yet been linked to the metabolic potential encoded in their genetic inventory. To provide a genetic basis for understanding the metabolism of <i>Guyparkeria</i>, nine genomes were compared to reveal the metabolic capabilities and adaptations. A detailed account is given on <i>Guyparkeria</i>’s ability to assimilate carbon by fixation, to oxidize reduced sulfur, to oxidize thiocyanate, and to cope with salinity stress.