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Objective To investigate the efficacy of video-assisted teaching ward rounds for typical cases of ophthalmology in clinical practice for medical undergraduates. Methods A total of 45 students from clinical medicine in Peking Union Medical College were enrolled. They were randomly divided into the experimental group (23 students) and control group (22 students). Primary angle closure glaucoma(PACG)was selected as the learning content, the experimental group was trained by video-assisted teaching ward rounds, while the control group was trained by internship in outpatient clinic. All students joined the test of typical case PACG and a questionnaire survey was implemented for the experimental group. Results The average score of experimental group was higher than control group[(84.30±4.53) vs. (78.05±5.76), t=4.05, P＜0.001]. For video-assisted teaching ward rounds, in experimental group, 86.9% (20/23) students believed it was more practical, 95.6% (22/23) students thought it was very helpful and 91.3% (21/23) students considered it was conductive to improve interest of learning and clinical thinking ability. Conclusions Video-assisted teaching ward rounds improves students′ understanding memory of ophthalmic typical cases, which is a potential supplement teaching method in clinical practice training of ophthalmology for medical undergraduates.