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OBJECTIVES: To address the Canadian Lung Oncology group’s recently published results and recommendations suggesting that mediastinoscopy is unnecessary in the staging nonsmall cell lung cancer when computed tomography shows no enlarged mediastinal lymph nodes (larger than 1 cm in short axis); to evaluate the practice of thoracic surgeons across Canada in staging presumably operable lung cancer; and to assess the effect of the Canadian Lung Oncology Group’s recommendations on current thoracic surgical practice in Canada.