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Osteoarticular Sporotrichosis of the Knee Caused by <i>Sporothrix brasiliensis</i>: Two Similar Cases with Different Outcomes
oleh: Bruno Ivanovinsky Costa de Sousa, Livia Cristina Fonseca Ferreira, Marcella Morgado Ramiro de Lima, Juliana dos Santos Barbosa Netto, Guis Saint-Martin Astacio, Andréa Reis Bernardes-Engemann, Priscila Marques de Macedo, Maria Clara Gutierrez-Galhardo, Dayvison Francis Saraiva Freitas
Format: | Article |
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Diterbitkan: | MDPI AG 2023-09-01 |
Deskripsi
Sporotrichosis is the most frequent subcutaneous or implantation mycosis in Latin America, and its transmission occurs as a result of traumatic inoculation into the skin by organic matter containing the thermodimorphic fungi of the genus <i>Sporothrix</i>. Although cutaneous forms are more common, another important site is the osteoarticular system, whose hematogenous involvement is commonly associated with disseminated forms, especially in people who have an immunosuppressive condition, such as HIV/AIDS, chronic steroid use, and alcohol abuse. We present two cases of osteoarticular sporotrichosis of the knee caused by <i>Sporothrix brasiliensis</i> and followed up at our institution, with different outcomes. In the cases presented here, aging, anatomical sites, comorbidities, subtherapeutic serum levels, low adherence to treatment, and late diagnosis for different reasons may explain the observed outcomes. Early diagnosis of <i>Sporothrix</i> infection is critical in preventing complications, including death. We also highlight the importance of multidisciplinary follow-up and adherence to treatment for a favorable outcome.