Comparison of Newer Hand-Held Ultrasound Devices for Post-Dive Venous gas Emboli Quantification to Standard Echocardiography

oleh: Kamellia Karimpour, Rhiannon J. Brenner, Grant Z. Dong, Jayne Cleve, Stefanie Martina, Catherine Harris, Gabriel J. Graf, Benjamin J. Kistler, Andrew H. Hoang, Olivia Jackson, Virginie Papadopoulou, Frauke Tillmans

Format: Article
Diterbitkan: Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-06-01

Deskripsi

Decompression sickness (DCS) can result from the growth of bubbles in tissues and blood during or after a reduction in ambient pressure, for example in scuba divers, compressed air workers or astronauts. In scuba diving research, post-dive bubbles are detectable in the venous circulation using ultrasound. These venous gas emboli (VGE) are a marker of decompression stress, and larger amounts of VGE are associated with an increased probability of DCS. VGE are often observed for hours post-dive and differences in their evolution over time have been reported between individuals, but also for the same individual, undergoing a same controlled exposure. Thus, there is a need for small, portable devices with long battery lives to obtain more ultrasonic data in the field to better assess this inter- and intra-subject variability. We compared two new handheld ultrasound devices against a standard device that is currently used to monitor post-dive VGE in the field. We conclude that neither device is currently an adequate replacement for research studies where precise VGE grading is necessary.