Vitamin D in Wild and Farmed Atlantic Salmon (<i>Salmo Salar</i>)—What Do We Know?
oleh: Jette Jakobsen, Cat Smith, Anette Bysted, Kevin D. Cashman
| Format: | Article |
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| Diterbitkan: | MDPI AG 2019-04-01 |
Deskripsi
Salmon have been widely publicized as a good dietary source of vitamin D, but recent data points to large variation in vitamin D content and differences between wild and farmed salmon. We aimed to: (1) investigate the content of vitamin D in Atlantic salmon (<i>Salmo salar</i>) in wild species caught in two different waters, (2) perform a 12-week feeding trial in farmed <i>Salmo salar</i> with 270−1440 µg vitamin D<sub>3</sub>/kg feed (4−20 times maximum level in the EU) and (3) conduct a review for the published data on the content of vitamin D in salmonids. Content of vitamin D<sub>3</sub> in the fillet from wild salmon caught in the Baltic Sea and the North Sea was significantly different (<i>p</i> < 0.05), being 18.5 ± 4.6 µg/100 g and 9.4 ± 1.9 µg/100 g, respectively. In the farmed salmon the content ranged from 2.9 ± 0.7 µg vitamin D<sub>3</sub>/100 g to 9.5 ± 0.7 µg vitamin D<sub>3</sub>/100 g. Data from 2018 shows that farmed salmon contained 2.3−7.3 µg vitamin D<sub>3</sub>/100 g. Information on the content of vitamin D in wild and farmed salmonids is very limited, which calls for further research to ensure a sustainable production of salmon with adequate vitamin D.