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To overcome the limitations of polymers, such as the trade-off relationship between water permeance and solute rejection, as well as the difficulty of functionalization, research on nanomaterials is being actively conducted. One of the representative nanomaterials is graphene, which has a two-dimensional shape and chemical tunability. Graphene is usually used in the form of graphene oxide in the water treatment field because it has advantages such as high water permeance and functionality on its surface. However, there is a problem in that it lacks physical stability under water-contacted conditions due to the high hydrophilicity. To overcome this problem, MoS₂, which has a similar shape to graphene and hydrophobicity, can be a new option. In this study, bulk MoS₂ was dispersed in a mixed solvent of acetone/isopropyl alcohol, and MoS₂ nanosheet was obtained by applying sonic energy to exfoliate. In addition, Cysteine was functionalized in MoS₂ with a mild reaction. When the nanofiltration (NF) performance of the membrane was compared under various conditions, the composite membrane incorporated by Cysteine 10 wt % (vs. MoS₂) showed the best NF performances.