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In order to study the role of alloying element Mo in the Fe-Cr-B wear-resistant surfacing alloy,plasma arc welding surfacing was used to prepare Fe-Cr-B wear-resistant surfacing alloy layer with different Mo contents on the surface of Q235 by adjusting the amount of molybdenum iron powder in the surfacing alloy powder.Scanning electron microscopy,XRD and other analysis and testing methods were used to study the effect of the change of Mo content on the microstructure and properties of Fe-Cr-B surfacing alloy.Results showed that when no molybdenum iron powder was added into the surfacing alloy,the surfacing alloy consisted of M2B and (Fe,Cr) phases.When the content of Mo in the surfacing alloy reached 2% (mass fraction),a new phase FeMo2B2 precipitated in the surfacing alloy.In such case,the surfacing alloy consisted of M2B,FeMo2B2 and (Fe,Cr) phases;and the Rockwell hardness of the surfacing alloy depended on the volume fractions of M2B,FeMo2B2 and (Fe,Cr).With the increase of Mo content,the Rockwell hardness and wear resistance of the surfacing alloy gradually increased.Compared with the surfacing alloy without Mo,the wear resistance of surfacing alloy with 8% (mass fraction) Mo was improved by 1.2 times.