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Compound heterozygous SCN5A gene mutations in asymptomatic Brugada syndrome child
oleh: Elena Sommariva, Matteo Vatta, Yutao Xi, Simone Sala, Tomohiko Ai, Jie Cheng, Carlo Pappone, Maurizio Ferrari, Sara Benedetti
| Format: | Article |
|---|---|
| Diterbitkan: | MDPI AG 2012-09-01 |
Deskripsi
Loss-of-function mutations in the <em>SCN5A</em> gene, encoding the cardiac Nav1.5 sodium channel, have been previously associated with Brugada syndrome (BrS). Despite the low prevalence of the disease, we identified a patient carrying two <em>SCN5A</em> mutations. We aimed at establishing a correlation between genotype, clinical phenotype and <em>in vitro</em> sodium current. A 3-year-old boy presented with right bundle branch block and ST-segment elevation. Genetic analysis and electrophysiology studies in transfected HEK293 cells were performed to identify possibly disease-causing variants and assess their effect on sodium channel function. Two <em>SCN5A</em> variants were identified: a new frameshift deletion causing premature truncation of the putative protein (c.3258_3261del4) and a missense substitution (p.F1293S). <em>In vitro</em> studies revealed that the truncated mutant did not produce functional channels and decreased total sodium current when co-expressed with p.F1293S channels compared to p.F1293S alone. In addition, p.F1293S channels presented with a steep slope of steady-state activation voltagedependency, which was shifted towards more positive potentials by the co-expression with the truncated channel. p.F1293S channels also showed shift towards more positive potentials of the steady-state inactivation both alone and co-expressed with the deletion mutant. Our data identified a severe reduction of sodium channel current associated with two distinct <em>SCN5A</em> changes. However, all mutation carriers were asymptomatic and BrS electrocardiogram was observed only transiently in the compound heterozygous subject. These observations underline the difficulty of genotype/ phenotype correlations in BrS patients and support the idea of a polygenic disorder, where different mutations and variants can contribute to the clinical phenotype.