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Tunable x-ray free electron laser multi-pulses with nanosecond separation
oleh: Franz-Josef Decker, Karl L. Bane, William Colocho, Sasha Gilevich, Agostino Marinelli, John C. Sheppard, James L. Turner, Joshua J. Turner, Sharon L. Vetter, Aliaksei Halavanau, Claudio Pellegrini, Alberto A. Lutman
| Format: | Article |
|---|---|
| Diterbitkan: | Nature Portfolio 2022-02-01 |
Deskripsi
Abstract X-ray Free Electron Lasers provide femtosecond x-ray pulses with narrow bandwidth and unprecedented peak brightness. Special modes of operation have been developed to deliver double pulses for x-ray pump, x-ray probe experiments. However, the longest delay between the two pulses achieved with existing single bucket methods is less than 1 picosecond, thus preventing the exploration of longer time-scale dynamics. We present a novel two-bucket scheme covering delays from 350 picoseconds to hundreds of nanoseconds in discrete steps of 350 picoseconds. Performance for each pulse can be similar to the one in a single pulse operation. The method has been experimentally tested with the Linac Coherent Light Source (LCLS-I) and the copper linac with LCLS-II hard x-ray undulators.