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Scholars celebrated the 2004 discovery of a large first-century pool at the southern end of Jerusalem’s City of David. That pool and the related complex of underground conduits are archaeological echoes of biblical texts from both First and Second Temple periods. Potential identifications of and connections among these vital water sources are already evident in language employed in biblical and post-biblical texts, are reflected in centuries of travellers’ reports, and appear in nineteenth- and twentieth-century maps. Data from each of these categories contribute to our comprehensive understanding of the water systems that served Jerusalem through the millennia.