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The close association between chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and lung cancer has long been known. New evidence suggests that there is an inverse relationship between the severity of pulmonary function and the risk of surgery in patients with lung cancer, COPD may play a key role in the incidence of postoperative pulmonary complications (PPC) and improving pulmonary function with perioperation airway management has been suggested as a possible preventive PPC. This review describes the current understanding and clinical application of perioperation airway management in lung cancer patients with COPD. We summarized that: (1) The necessity of perioperation airway management; (2) The status and characteristic of inhaled drug in perioperation airway management; (3) The clinical value in improving pulmonary function of perioperation airway management; (4) The optimum population of peri-operation airway management; (5) The problem of perioperation airway management.