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New maximum permissible levels (reference levels RL) for the study of potentially contaminated soils by heavy metals were defined. Despite of anthropogenic contaminants in soils, there is also presented a certain amount of natural metals (background levels) in these soils according to the proper geographic region, which encouraged us to establish particular RL for the metals in soils. Currently, there is not an unique methodology to establish the RL for metals in soils, thus this study intend to review information on different methodologies applied to define RL. A general scheme covering all methodologies are presented.