Find in Library
Search millions of books, articles, and more
Indexed Open Access Databases
Carbazole and Simplified Derivatives: Novel Tools toward <i>β</i>-Adrenergic Receptors Targeting
oleh: Fedora Grande, Anna De Bartolo, Maria Antonietta Occhiuzzi, Anna Caruso, Carmine Rocca, Teresa Pasqua, Alessia Carocci, Vittoria Rago, Tommaso Angelone, Maria Stefania Sinicropi
| Format: | Article |
|---|---|
| Diterbitkan: | MDPI AG 2021-06-01 |
Deskripsi
<i>β</i>-Adrenergic receptors (<i>β</i>-ARs) are G protein-coupled receptors involved in important physiological and pathological processes related to blood pressure and cardiac activity. The inhibition of cardiac <i>β</i>1-ARs could be beneficial in myocardial hypertrophy, ischemia and failure. Several carbazole-based compounds have been described as promising <i>β</i>-blockers. Herein, we investigate the capability of a carbazole derivative and three simplified indole analogs to interact with the active binding site of <i>β</i>1-AR by molecular docking studies. In the light of the obtained results, our compounds were tested by biological assays in H9c2 cardiomyocytes exposed to isoproterenol (ISO) to confirm their potential as <i>β</i>1-blockers agents, and two of them (<b>8</b> and <b>10</b>) showed interesting and promising properties. In particular, these compounds were effective against ISO-dependent in vitro cardiac hypertrophy, even at concentrations lower than the known <i>β</i>-AR antagonist propranolol. Overall, the data suggest that the indole derivatives 8 and 10 could act as potent <i>β</i>1-blockers and, active at low doses, could elicit limited side effects.