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Leakage flux magnitude and pattern greatly affect transformer short-circuit resistance. In this paper, finite element calculations and experimental measurements is used to calculate the leakage magnetic field of a transformer. This paper analyzed the radial and axial leakage flux distribution of each winding under different operating conditions to obtain a comprehensive view of the magnetic flux leakage distribution in all directions. This analysis can provide valuable insights for optimizing the anti-short-circuit ability of transformers.