Find in Library
Search millions of books, articles, and more
Indexed Open Access Databases
In Vitro Antibacterial, Antifungal, Nematocidal and Growth Promoting Activities of <i>Trichoderma hamatum</i> FB10 and Its Secondary Metabolites
oleh: Alaa Baazeem, Abdulaziz Almanea, Palanisamy Manikandan, Mohammed Alorabi, Ponnuswamy Vijayaraghavan, Ahmed Abdel-Hadi
Format: | Article |
---|---|
Diterbitkan: | MDPI AG 2021-04-01 |
Deskripsi
Microbial natural biocides have attracted much more attention in recent years in order to avoid the unrestricted use of chemical biocides in the environment. The aim of this study is to analyze the antibacterial and antifungal activities of secondary metabolites and growth promoting, nematicidal, and soil enzyme activity mediated by <i>Trichoderma hamatum</i> FB10. The bactericidal and fungicidal activities were performed using cell-free extract. Results revealed that the selected strain exert antibacterial activity against <i>Acidovorax avenae</i>, <i>Erutimacarafavora</i>, and <i>Xanthomonas campestris</i>. The selected fungal strain FB10 showed antagonistic activity against fungal pathogens such as, <i>S. sclerotiorum</i>, <i>Rhizoctonia solani</i>, <i>Alternaria radicina</i>, <i>Alternaria citri</i>, and <i>Alternaria dauci</i>. Among the bacterial pathogens, <i>A. avenae</i> showed least MIC (30 ± 2.5 µg/mL) and MBC (70 ± 1.25 µg/mL) values. <i>T. hamatum</i> FB10 strain synthesized bioactive volatile secondary metabolite, which effectively inhibited the growth of bacteria and fungi and indicated the presence of 6-pentyl-alpha-pyrone as the major compound (67.05%). The secondary metabolite synthesized by <i>T. hamatum</i> FB10 showed nematicidal activity against <i>M. incognita</i> eggs. Egg hatch inhibition was 78 ± 2.6% and juvenile stage mortality rate was 89 ± 2.5% when the strain FB10 was treated with nematode. The cell free extract of <i>T. hamatum</i> FB10 showed protease, amylase, cellulase, chitinase, glucanase activities. <i>T. hamatum</i> FB10 inoculated with green gram increased 11% plant height, compared to the control. The fresh weight of the experimental group inoculated with <i>T. hamatum</i> FB10 increased 33.6% more compared to the control group. The green gram seedlings inoculated with <i>T. hamatum</i> FB10 increased 18% more dry weight than control group. Soil enzymes such as, urease, phosphatase, catalase and saccharase were improved in the soil inoculated with <i>T. hamatum</i> FB10. These biochemical components play potent role in soil fertility, energy conversion, and in soil organic matter conversion.