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Effects of Pork Quality Types, Packaging, and Degree of Doneness on Trained Sensory and Instrumental Tenderness, Color, and Consumer Perception
oleh: Deborah L. VanOverbeke, Drew Cassens, Gretchen Mafi, Ranjith Ramanathan
Format: | Article |
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Diterbitkan: | Iowa State University Digital Press 2021-06-01 |
Deskripsi
The objective of this study was to evaluate the palatability and retail display differences of 3 types of pork loins. Enhanced (n = 10), nonenhanced (n = 10), and high-quality (n = 10) pork loins were selected from a commercial food distribution company. Loins were cut into 2.54-cm-thick chops and randomly assigned to retail display, sensory, or Warner-Bratzler shear force analyses. For retail display, chops were randomly assigned to 1 of 3 packaging treatments: polyvinyl chloride overwrap, carbon monoxide-modified atmosphere packaging, and high-oxygen modified atmospheric packaging. Instrumental and visual color measurements were taken during 5 d of retail display. For trained sensory panel and Warner-Bratzler shear force analyses, chops were evaluated at 3 different degrees of doneness (63°C, 68°C, and 74°C). Consumer sensory panelists (N = 50) evaluated the overall liking, flavor, juiciness, and tenderness of chops cooked to 68°C. A treatment × packaging interaction (P < 0.05) occurred for L* and a* values. High-quality chops packaged in polyvinyl chloride overwrap were lighter in color (P < 0.05) compared with other treatment and packaging types. However, high- quality chops had lower (P < 0.05) a* values than other treatment and packaging types during retail display. Trained panelists reported no difference (P > 0.05) in tenderness for enhanced chops when cooked at 3 different degrees of doneness. Consumer panelists preferred the enhanced chops for overall liking, tenderness, and juiciness (P < 0.05) compared with high-quality and nonenhanced chops. The results suggest that enhanced, nonenhanced, and high-quality pork loins avail- able in the market vary in color and marbling. Both pork loin type and packaging can influence display color and palatability.