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This work presents a comprehensive failure mechanism study of the bi-directionally corrugated panel (DCP) structures inspired by the telson of mantis shrimp. The DCP structures were fabricated by selective laser melting (SLM) with AlSi10Mg powder. The influence of key structural parameters, namely wave number (N), on the compressive behaviours, stress distribution, deformation modes and fracture mechanism of SLM-processed DCP components was systematically investigated. Results revealed that with the increase of wave number (N), the structural expansion effect became more obvious, which led to the disappearance of the plateau region on the compressive force-displacement curve, the decrease of specific energy absorption (SEA) growth rate and the energy absorption per periodicity cell. Three deformation modes were observed, namely full-folded mode (N = 4), transitional mode (N = 5), and global-buckling mode (N = 6). Finally, the fracture morphologies elucidated that the fracture mechanism changed from ductile fracture to brittle fracture with the increase of wave number.