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<i>Background and Objectives</i>: Male hypogonadism is a clinical disorder characterized by reduced serum testosterone in men. Although treatment using herbal medicines, including <i>Eurycoma longifolia,</i> has been investigated, the benefits remain unclear. This study aims to investigate the efficacy of <i>E. longifolia</i> as a sole intervention to increase testosterone levels in males. <i>Materials and Methods</i>: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials (RCTs) according to the PRISMA guidelines. Relevant articles were retrieved from the databases PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane, Ovid/Embase, and Google Scholar. <i>Results:</i> After literature screening, a total of nine studies was included in the systematic review. Five RCTs were included in the meta-analysis. A significant improvement in total testosterone levels after <i>E. longifolia</i> treatment was mostly reported in both healthy volunteers and hypogonadal men. The random model effect revealed a significant increase (SMD = 1.352, 95% CI 0.565 to 2.138, <i>p</i> = 0.001) in the total testosterone levels in men receiving <i>E. longifolia</i> supplementation, which was confirmed in the hypogonadism subgroup. <i>Conclusions</i>: This systematic review and meta-analysis of the literature supports the possible use of <i>E. longifolia</i> supplementation for enhancing testosterone production. Although more research is required before its use in clinical practice, this may represent a safe and promising therapeutic option, particularly in hypogonadal men.