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Ocean observation technology is an important means to effectively manage ocean affairs and exercise national sovereignty. The autonomy and controllability of ocean observation technology is of great significance to China. Innovation and application are the core of realizing the autonomy and controllability of ocean observation technology, and ocean observation network is the carrier for realizing the innovation and application of ocean observation technology. The paper sorted out the development history of the three major observation networks in the United States (Global Ocean Observing System, Integrated Ocean Observing System and Ocean Observation Initiative), and put forward the view that the government had played a leading role in the organization, implementation and management of the development of ocean observation technology represented by the observation network. According to the current situation of ocean observation in China, drawing on the development experience of the American ocean observation network, it put forward suggestions for the organization, implementation, management and development of China's ocean observation network based on innovation and application.