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This paper takes each province and region as the research object and 2017 as the research period, and the water consumption of power production was analyzed. The results showed that China’s electricity production consumed 6.57 billion m³ of water, accounting for 2% of the total social water consumption in 2017. Thermal power is the most water-consuming power source in China, accounting for 78% of the total water consumption in the country’s electric power development. Based on the calculated results, this study also puts forward relevant suggestions for realizing energy-water coordinated security.