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The formation of light-induced oxygen vacancy (V _O ) is detected and confirmed on the surface of various metal-oxide-based semiconductors under mild reaction conditions with low cost energy source (sunlight). This self-structural transformation of the materials can bring about new characteristics and functionalities, which has inspired many researchers to explore the applications of light-induced V _O in the photochemical conversion. In this perspective, generating and maintaining the light-induced V _O are discussed based on some of the important work in the field of photochemical conversion. The effects and utilizations of the light-induced V _O are revealed including the models proposed to explain mechanism. Then, the electric current measurements and key challenges of the light-induced V _O are also summarized in a comprehensive introduction. Finally, some important aspects and questions in terms of the future research of light-induced V _O are emphasized via discussing the potential contribution and development. And the schematic of future developments for light-induced V _O is provided based on loop-locked materials design, light engineering and mechanism investigation.