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This paper introduces a new spike activation function (SPKAF) or spike membership function for fuzzy adaptive neurons (FAN), developed for decoding spatiotemporal information with spikes, optimizing digital signal processing. A solution with the adaptive network-based fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) method is proposed and compared with that of the FAN-SPKAF model, obtaining very precise simulation results. Stability analysis of systems models is presented. An application to voice recognition using solfeggio syllables in Spanish is performed experimentally, comparing the methods of FAN-step activation function (STEPAF)-SPKAF, Augmented Spiking Neuron Model, and Augmented FAN-STEPAF-SPKAF, achieving very good results.