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<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Genomic regions controlling abdominal fatness (AF) were studied in the Northeast Agricultural University broiler line divergently selected for AF. In this study, the chicken 60KSNP chip and extended haplotype homozygosity (EHH) test were used to detect genome-wide signatures of AF.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>A total of 5357 and 5593 core regions were detected in the lean and fat lines, and 51 and 57 reached a significant level (<it>P</it><0.01), respectively. A number of genes in the significant core regions, including <it>RB1</it>, <it>BBS7</it>, <it>MAOA</it>, <it>MAOB</it>, <it>EHBP1</it>, <it>LRP2BP</it>, <it>LRP1B</it>, <it>MYO7A</it>, <it>MYO9A</it> and <it>PRPSAP1</it>, were detected. These genes may be important for AF deposition in chickens.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>We provide a genome-wide map of selection signatures in the chicken genome, and make a contribution to the better understanding the mechanisms of selection for AF content in chickens. The selection for low AF in commercial breeding using this information will accelerate the breeding progress.</p>