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We investigate to improve the poor heat dissipation effect of seals under a high-temperature dynamic seal due to the low thermal conductivity of fluororubber (FKM). Al2O3 particles and FKM were modified by the mechanical blending method. Study its physical and mechanical properties and frictional wear properties at room temperature and high temperature. The mechanism of reciprocating friction and wear of composites at high temperature was analyzed in combination with the change of morphology and thermal conductivity of an electron microscope. The results show that the addition of Al2O3 particles can improve the physical and mechanical properties, friction properties, and thermal conductivity of FKM at high temperatures. We noticed that the wear resistance of Al2O3 itself and the increase of thermal conductivity of composites could improve the friction performance of composites at high temperatures.