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Durability is one of the critical issues concerning energy harvesting devices. Even with the energy harvesting device’s excellent performance design, the moving components, such as the spring, get damaged during operation. In this study, an energy harvesting device was designed for durability improvement. The mechanical stopper of the energy harvesting device was selected as a new design component to prevent spring damage. An experimental and finite element analysis (FEA) was carried out on the amount of energy harvesting power possible using a mechanical stopper to improve the durability of the energy harvesting device. A performance evaluation of the energy harvesting device using the mechanical stopper was conducted under laboratory and driving conditions of a high-speed train traveling at 300 km/h. The measurement of the generated power gives the target value for the minimum performance of the newly designed energy harvesting device used as the power source of the wireless sensor node for high-speed trains.