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Synthesis and in Silico Investigation of Organoselenium-Clubbed Schiff Bases as Potential M<sup>pro</sup> Inhibitors for the SARS-CoV-2 Replication
oleh: Saad Shaaban, Aly Abdou, Abdulrahman G. Alhamzani, Mortaga M. Abou-Krisha, Mahmoud A. Al-Qudah, Mohamed Alaasar, Ibrahim Youssef, Tarek A. Yousef
Format: | Article |
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Diterbitkan: | MDPI AG 2023-03-01 |
Deskripsi
Since the first report of the organoselenium compound, ebselen, as a potent inhibitor of the SARS-CoV-2 M<sup>pro</sup> main protease by Z. Jin et al. (Nature, 2020), different OSe analogs have been developed and evaluated for their anti-COVID-19 activities. Herein, organoselenium-clubbed Schiff bases were synthesized in good yields (up to 87%) and characterized using different spectroscopic techniques. Their geometries were studied by DFT using the B3LYP/6–311 (d, p) approach. Ten FDA-approved drugs targeting COVID-19 were used as model pharmacophores to interpret the binding requirements of COVID-19 inhibitors. The antiviral efficiency of the novel organoselenium compounds was assessed by molecular docking against the 6LU7 protein to investigate their possible interactions. Our results showed that the COVID-19 primary protease bound to organoselenium ligands with high binding energy scores ranging from −8.19 to −7.33 Kcal/mol for <b>4c</b> and <b>4a</b> to −6.10 to −6.20 Kcal/mol for <b>6b</b> and <b>6a</b>. Furthermore, the docking data showed that <b>4c</b> and <b>4a</b> are good M<sup>pro</sup> inhibitors. Moreover, the drug-likeness studies, including Lipinski’s rule and ADMET properties, were also assessed. Interestingly, the organoselenium candidates manifested solid pharmacokinetic qualities in the ADMET studies. Overall, the results demonstrated that the organoselenium-based Schiff bases might serve as possible drugs for the COVID-19 epidemic.