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Few are known about the molecular mechanism controlling the early embryo development. The reduce dimension of the embryos, only a few µm, the small quantities of proteins synthesized and the artificial environment influence makes difficult to decode the mechanisms controlling early embryonic stages of development. Although, in the last few years many genes have been showed to be active in the early embryonic stages of development, only a few have been characterized and found to be implicated in the molecular mechanism responsible of preimplantational embryos development. Ped gene (Preimplantational embryo development) is considered to be involved in regulation of embryonic cleavage division and subsequent embryo survival. This review presents, based on a rich documentation, the main mechanisms involved in early embryo development.