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AIM: To evaluate the visual quality between femtosecond laser small incision lenticule extraction(SMILE)and femtosecond laser <i>in situ</i> keratomileusis(LASIK)in the treatment of myopia. <p>METHODS: This study comprised 22 eyes(11 patients)underwent SMILE and 43 eyes(23 patients)received LASIK with femtosecond laser to correct myopia and myopic astigmatism. The two groups were recorded bydouble-pass optical quality analysis system(OQAS)at preoperative and postoperative 1mo. The two groups were compared: modulation transfer function cutoff frequency(MTF cutoff), strehl ratio(SR), objective scattering index(OSI). The early visual quality after operation between two groups were analyzed and evaluated.<p>RESULTS: The MTF cutoff after operation one month were 34.835±10.113c/deg(SMILE group)and 38.362±10.623c/deg(LASIK group)(<i>t</i>=0.925, <i>P</i>=0.362). The SR after operation one month were 0.204±0.077(SMILE group)and 0.218±0.072(LASIK group)(<i>t</i>=0.557, <i>P</i>=0.582). The OSI after operation one month were 0.608±0.291(SMILE group)and 0.545±0.405(LASIK group)(<i>t</i>=-0.473, <i>P</i>=0.640). <p>CONCLUSION: The double-pass OQAS tell us that there was not statistically significant between femtosecond laser SMILE and femtosecond LASIK in the treatment of myopia.