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In order to study the influence of the surface structure of full-bore porous glass on its sound absorption properties, the surface was punched twice, the influence of surface structure parameters on the sound absorption properties of full-bore porous glass was analyzed by orthogonal test. the best structural parameters of the sound absorption sample was obtained. The results show that the change of the surface structure of the porous material has a great influence on the sound absorption property, but has little effect on the initial frequency. The factors affecting the sound absorption properties of porous glass materials are material thickness, porosity, hole diameter and hole depth. The best design parameters of the porous glass are as follows: the porosity is 0.76, the thickness 20 m, the hole depth 0.5 times the thickness of the sample, and the pore diameter 2.2 mm. At this time, the average sound absorption coefficient of porous glass is as high as 0.82, an increase of 24.6%.