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Abstract Oxidation of two-dimensional (2D) transition metal dichalcogenides have received great interests because it significantly influences their electrical, optical, and catalytic properties. Monoclinic MoO2 nanowires grow along the zigzag direction of 2D MoS2 via thermal annealing at a high temperature with a low oxygen partial pressure. The hybrids of semiconducting 2D MoS2 and metallic 1D MoO2 nanowires have potential to be applied to various devices such as electrical devices, gas sensors, photodetectors, and catalysts.