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Objective To study the effect of radiotherapy on gene expression in cervical cancer tissues and to find the role of differentially expressed genes in sensitivity and resistance to radiotherapy. Methods The patients all received the same radiotherapy as follows: total pelvic external radiation 45 Gy/25 f,intracavitary brachytherapy 5-6 Gy/f with total dosage as 5-6 f.The specimens were collected before treatment and by the end of treatment.High-throughput analysis of gene expression was performed before, during and after irradiation; real-time PCR and Western blot was applied to identify the genes related to radiation sensitivity and tolerance. Results Bioinformatics analysis showed an increased expression of DNA damage genes.The expression of DNA damage related genes GADD45 was increased as found by real-time PCR and Western blot. Conclusions Radiotherapy changes the gene expression in cervical cancer tissues and the increase of GADD45 expression may play an important role in radiotherapy.