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Identification of PD-L2, B7-H3 and CTLA-4 immune checkpoint proteins in genetic subtypes of meningioma
oleh: Dustin T Proctor, Zeel Patel, Sanju Lama, Lothar Resch, Guido van Marle, Garnette R Sutherland
| Format: | Article |
|---|---|
| Diterbitkan: | Taylor & Francis Group 2019-01-01 |
Deskripsi
Meningioma is the most common brain tumor in adults. Surgical resection remains the primary treatment. No chemotherapy exists. However, gene mutations now could explain ~Â 80% of meningioma and targeted therapies based on these are being investigated. Furthermore, with the recent discovery of PD-L1 in malignant meningioma, clinical trials using immunotherapy have commenced. Here, we report for the first time the expression profiles of immune checkpoint proteins PD-L2, B7-H3 and CTLA-4 in meningioma and their association to common gene mutations. PD-L2 and B7-H3 expression was significantly greater than all immune checkpoint proteins studied, and particularly elevated in patients with gene mutations affecting the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. CTLA-4 expressing CD3+Â lymphocytes were observed in atypical and malignant meningioma and tumors harboring a PIK3CA or SMO mutation. These results identify novel targets for immunotherapy irrespective of grade and distinguish potential patient populations based on genetic classification for stratification into checkpoint inhibitor clinical trials.