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Great burnet (<i>Sanguisorba officinalis</i> L.) and small burnet (<i>Sansguisorba minor </i>Scop.) are edible, perennial weeds widely distributed in the world. These are the most widespread <i>Sanguisorba</i> species. The bioactive components of <i>Sanguisorba</i> plants include phenolics (phenolic acids, flavonoids and neolignans) and terpenoids. Large potential exists to use burnets as medicinal plants. <i>Sanguisorba</i> species are known to show anticancer properties, antioxidative, antimicrobial and antiviral activities. Also, <i>Sanguisorba</i> extracts show anti-Alzheimer and anti-inflammatory properties. Small burnet extracts could also be a useful alternative to synthetic fungicides for crop production. This review focuses on biological activities of <i>Sanguisorba</i> extracts and emphasizing their potential applications in pharmaceutical areas.