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Acoustic standards for classrooms around the world are still being studied, but the placement of sound-absorbing materials to meet these standards is still unclear. The present study examined an appropriate location for applying sound-absorbing materials inside an elementary classroom to ensure speech intelligibility while meeting the RT criterion using three scientific experimental methods, namely, computer modeling, a 1/10-scale model, and field acoustic measurement. A sound-absorbing material was applied to the rear wall or ceiling, and the ceiling was further divided into front, center, and rear sections. The acoustic performance was predicted using a 3D computer model of a standardized classroom based on the location of the sound-absorbing material. Subsequently, a 1/10-scale model following the law of similarity was used to compare the acoustic performances based on the location of the sound-absorbing material. Finally, field measurements were performed in an actual classroom to verify the acoustic performance based on the location of the sound-absorbing material. The findings revealed that the sound-absorbing material was most effective when applied to the rear wall, followed by application at the center, front, and rear of the ceiling.